Использование неинвазивной вентиляции легких снижает вероятность обращения пациентов с БАС к помощи в умирании

TOPLINE Use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was associated with lower odds of requesting medical assistance in dying (MAiD), a study found. METHODOLOGY - A retrospective cohort study examined patients with ALS who received specialist palliative care at a multidisciplinary ALS clinic in Toronto, Canada, between July 2022 and October 2024. - A total of 272 patients (median age, 66.5 years, 56.6% men) were included after sequential matching: 130 patients who requested MAiD referral were matched to 142 patients who did not request MAiD. - Researchers assessed sociodemographic characteristics, clinical features including limb and bulbar symptom severity, use of advanced therapies such as NIV and gastrostomy tubes, and care delivery factors. - The primary outcome was the request for MAiD referral; the secondary outcome among those who requested MAiD was completion of MAiD. TAKEAWAY - Use of NIV was associated with significantly lower odds of requesting MAiD referral (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.56; P = .040). - Patients residing in rural areas were more likely to request MAiD referral than those in urban settings (aOR, 2.38; P = .046). - Use of gastrostomy tube was not associated with MAiD request. - Among patients who requested MAiD, 62 of 130 (47.7%) ultimately received MAiD; no significant associations were identified between clinical characteristics and MAiD completion. IN PRACTICE "These findings suggest that decisions relating to MAiD in patients with ALS may be less closely tied to disease or symptom burden and more reflective of individual tolerance limits regarding dependency and the use of life-prolonging interventions," the authors wrote. "Recognition of these differing values may support more individualized discussions around goals of care and end-of-life planning." SOURCE The study was led by Amy Nolen, Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada. It was published online on August 19 in the Journal of Neurology. LIMITATIONS Limitations included single-center retrospective design. Information on race, immigration status, health literacy, socioeconomic circumstances, and other social determinants of health was not available. DISCLOSURES The study was supported by a research grant from the Canadian Association of MAiD Assessors and Providers. The authors reported having no relevant conflicts of interest. This article was created using several editorial tools, including AI, as part of the process. Human editors reviewed this content before publication.