ОЭСР утвердила рамочную политику для привлечения инвестиций в цифровую трансформацию

The OECD has launched a new investment policy framework for digital transformation agreed by 52 governments both from member and non-member countries. The framework, which is structured around four main building blocks — governance; domestic and international regulation; technical and financial support; information and facilitation services — “provides a pragmatic tool to diagnose policy gaps and opportunities to mobilise international investment in support of digital transformation”, the document published on September 3 reads. In particular, it takes stock of the enclave effect of digital foreign direct investment, with most greenfield FDI in the digital cluster carried out by a few main companies and concentrated in a few geographies, to put host economies in a better position to reap the most benefit from such investments. Good timing “The framework comes at a particularly relevant moment,” says Ana Novik, head of the OECD investment division. “As geopolitical and economic fragmentation increases, and as the rapid development of AI raises new questions about investment, competition, technological dependencies, and the governance of the digital economy, securing agreement among 52 governments on a shared set of principles is itself a notable signal that international policy co-operation remains possible.” Digital FDI has accounted for a growing share of total global FDI in recent years. The ICT and electronic cluster, which embraces all upstream and downstream activities underpinning digital infrastructure and applications, from the extraction of critical minerals to the development of software applications, made up more than 43 per cent of global greenfield FDI in 2025 and 2026 so far (up to July), according to data from investment monitor fDi Markets. It thus continues a trend that has rapidly accelerated in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. Before the turn of the decade, the ICT cluster seldom accounted for more than 20 per cent of global FDI. But the impact of this rising investment tide differs across geographies. So far, developed economies have attracted the lion’s share of it. Besides, its spillover has been more limited in those developing economies that have bucked the trend. “In developing countries, foreign firms contribute close to three times as much to value added in digital sectors as domestic firms, compared to twice as much in the OECD,” the digital investment framework document reads. “FDI promotes digitalisation through knowledge spillovers, but digital foreign firms source few inputs locally and rely on foreign technologies.”