Исследование: выходной сон снижает риск депрессии у подростков, но не компенсирует хронический недосып

It is a familiar weekend scene in many homes: school is finally out, the alarm is switched off and the teenager disappears under the blanket. By the time they emerge, it may be close to noon. Parents may wonder if their child is simply being lazy, staying up too late or developing an unhealthy sleep habit. But before pulling open the curtains and demanding that they get out of bed, there is another possibility worth considering: your teenager may simply be catching up on sleep they have been missing all week. 28 Jul 2026 | 16:25 Do you think social media has changed the parent-teen relationship? A recent study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders has added an interesting dimension to the debate. Researchers analysing nationally representative data from 1,087 people aged 16 to 24 found that those who reported weekend catch-up sleep had 41% lower odds of reporting daily depressive symptoms than those who did not. The study, based on NHANES 2021-2023 data strengthens the evidence linking adequate sleep with emotional wellbeing. File photo: Canva Why teenagers seem to become ‘night owls’ Teenagers are not simply choosing to be awake when everyone else is asleep. Puberty brings a biological shift in the body's circadian rhythm. Research has consistently found that the adolescent sleep clock moves later, making it harder for teenagers to feel sleepy early in the evening and wake up early in the morning. That biological delay collides with early school timings, homework, coaching, sports, social activities and, increasingly, late-night phone use. The result can be a teenager who goes to bed late but still has to wake up early for school. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends 8–10 hours of sleep every 24 hours for teenagers aged 13–18. Regularly getting less than this has been associated with problems involving attention, learning, behaviour, emotional regulation and physical and mental health. So, when Friday arrives, the teenager who sleeps several hours longer may not be making a statement about their attitude. Their body may be responding to accumulated sleep loss. File photo: Canva But should parents allow unlimited weekend sleep? This is where the answer becomes more nuanced. Weekend catch-up sleep can be useful, but it should not become a cycle in which a teenager sleeps until noon or 1 pm every Saturday and Sunday and then struggles to fall asleep on Sunday night. A study of 504 adolescents found that the relationship between weekend catch-up sleep, social jet lag and wellbeing was complicated by how much sleep teenagers were getting overall. This is an important reminder that weekend sleep cannot compensate indefinitely for chronic sleep deprivation during the week. The goal, therefore, should not be to prevent teenagers from sleeping in. It should be to reduce the amount of sleep they need to recover in the first place. What parents can do instead of forcing an early wake-up File photo: Canva - Look at the whole week, not just Saturday morning If your teenager sleeps until 11 am after getting six hours a night during school days, the bigger question is why they are getting only six hours. Look at homework, tuition, sports, commuting, gaming, social media and bedtime routines. Sometimes the solution is not an earlier weekend wake-up but removing one unnecessary late-night activity during the week. - Allow some weekend recovery- but keep it reasonable There is no need to wake a teenager at 7 am simply because it is Saturday. Allowing some extra sleep can be reasonable, particularly after a demanding school week. At the same time, keeping the weekend wake-up time within roughly one to two hours of the weekday schedule can help prevent a large shift in the body clock. - Treat the phone as part of the sleep problem A teenager may technically be in bed for eight hours but not actually be sleeping for eight hours. A 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis found an association between electronic media use and poorer sleep quality. Greater screen exposure has also been linked to delayed bedtimes, insomnia symptoms and difficulty falling asleep. Instead of making bedtime a daily battle, parents can establish a household rule: phones charge outside the bedroom at night. - Protect the morning light Morning light is one of the strongest signals for resetting the body's internal clock. Encourage teenagers to get outdoors soon after waking, rather than spending the first hour of the day in a dark bedroom scrolling on a phone. This can be particularly useful for teenagers whose sleep schedule has drifted later. - Watch caffeine timing Coffee, energy drinks and other caffeinated beverages consumed later in the day can make it harder to fall asleep at night. If a teenager is routinely struggling with sleep, moving caffeine earlier is a simple experiment worth trying. - Don't turn sleep into a power struggle Instead of saying, “You are wasting your weekend sleeping,” try asking, “Are you tired because you aren't getting enough sleep during the week?” That small change can turn a confrontation into a conversation. Teenagers are also more likely to cooperate when they understand the reason behind a sleep rule rather than feeling that parents are simply controlling their bedtime.