Научные данные опровергли миф о том, что змеи притягиваются к запаху сандалового дерева

For generations, people in parts of India have believed that snakes are naturally drawn to sandalwood trees. The idea appears frequently in folklore, village traditions and even popular films, leading many to assume that snakes seek out sandalwood because of its distinctive fragrance. Stories often describe cobras coiling around sandalwood trunks or guarding the valuable trees. But is there any scientific truth behind this belief? Herpetologists say the answer is more complicated than folklore suggests. While snakes are indeed sometimes found near sandalwood trees, it has little to do with the tree's scent. Instead, the explanation lies in habitat, shelter, temperature and the animals that snakes hunt. The enduring myth highlights how careful scientific observation can separate cultural beliefs from biological reality while deepening our understanding of snake behaviour and their role in natural ecosystems. Why are snakes often seen near sandalwood trees Despite the widespread belief, there is no scientific evidence that snakes are attracted to the fragrance of sandalwood. Unlike mammals, snakes do not rely primarily on smell in the same way humans do. Instead, they use a specialised sensory organ known as the Jacobson's (vomeronasal) organ, flicking their tongues to collect chemical particles from the environment. According to herpetology studies such as ‘ Snakes encircling Sandalwood - A Chemical investigation,’ explored the reasons and came to a conclusion that snakes are more likely to be found near sandalwood trees because the surrounding habitat often provides everything they need to survive. Mature sandalwood plantations may contain leaf litter, loose soil, fallen branches, rocks and dense vegetation, creating ideal places for snakes to hide from predators, regulate their body temperature and hunt prey. Rodents, lizards, frogs and insects are also commonly found in these environments. Since many snake species feed on these animals, they are naturally more likely to inhabit areas where prey is abundant. Why the myth that snakes love sandalwood trees became so popular The belief has deep roots in Indian folklore and traditional storytelling. Sandalwood has long been regarded as a sacred and valuable tree, associated with temples, rituals and medicinal uses. Because of its rarity and high value, stories often portrayed sandalwood trees as being guarded by cobras, adding an element of mystery and reverence. Over time, these stories became so widespread that many people began accepting them as fact. Films, television serials and popular literature further reinforced the image of snakes permanently living in sandalwood groves. Wildlife experts, however, emphasise that snakes show no known preference for sandalwood itself. If similar shelter and prey are available beneath mango, banyan, neem or other native trees, snakes are just as likely to be found there. What actually attracts snakes to gardens and forests Snakes do not choose locations because they are attracted to particular trees. Instead, they look for places that meet their basic survival needs. Warm rocks, compost heaps, dense shrubs, woodpiles, abandoned burrows and thick ground cover all provide excellent hiding places. These locations also tend to support rodents and other small animals that form an important part of many snakes' diets. Water sources are another major attraction. Ponds, streams, irrigation channels and damp gardens often support frogs and other amphibians, making them productive hunting grounds for many snake species. For this reason, a snake seen near a sandalwood tree is usually responding to the surrounding habitat rather than the tree itself. Should you worry if you find a snake near a sandalwood tree? Seeing a snake near any tree does not necessarily indicate unusual behaviour. Most snakes are shy and avoid human contact whenever possible. They generally bite only when threatened, cornered or accidentally stepped on. If you encounter a snake, experts recommend keeping a safe distance and avoiding any attempt to catch, kill or disturb it. Many snake species are protected under wildlife laws, and they play an important ecological role by controlling rodent populations that damage crops and spread disease. If a snake is found inside a home or poses an immediate safety concern, the safest course of action is to contact the local forest department or a trained snake rescuer rather than trying to remove it yourself. Although the image of cobras guarding fragrant sandalwood trees remains one of India's most enduring wildlife myths, scientific research shows that snakes are simply responding to suitable habitat, not the scent of the tree itself.